Blog #4 Clean Water and Sanitation: Indonesia

 

The next country is Indonesia, which joined the United Nations on September 28, 1950. Indonesia is located off the coast of mainland Southeast Asia between the Indian and Pacific Ocean. Indonesia faces many challenges in addressing water and sanitation across its many islands. For instance, population growth, urbanization, and expanding agriculture play a role in the availability of water resources and systems. Many cities and districts within Indonesia have an insufficient budget to manage water and sanitation infrastructure and expand access to poor communities. Because of this, 63% of Indonesians in the poorest wealth quintile don’t have access to safe drinking water, and 34% don’t have access to improved sanitation (USAID, Indonesia). Lack of clean water and sanitation can cause diarrheal diseases, which causes mortality for children under five years of age.

Currently, the United States Agency for International Development supports Indonesia for the goal of clean water and sanitation in the urban poor communities. The USAID Indonesia Country Plan will focus on generating demand for improved water services and safely managed sanitation services. The Indonesia Country Plan will be implemented to the Government of Indonesia and other community partners as an alignment with the Global Water Strategy (GWS). According to the Country Plan, the main mechanism for delivering clean water services to communities is through local government-owned water utilities or PDAMs (USAID, Indonesia). PDAMs provide water to households and businesses through piped connections. Currently, there are 385 PDAMs in Indonesia and nearly 50% of them have less satisfactory to critical performance category. The Indonesia Country Plan has an allocated budget of $6.1 million for FY 2017 and the FY 2018 President’s Budget Request of $7 million (USAID, Indonesia).

Furthermore, climate change has played a role in the distribution of water and sanitation services. Indonesia has tropical climate in two seasons, wet and dry, which causes unbalanced freshwater availability. Also, floods, landscapes, and droughts have damaged water supply facilities and infrastructures (USAID, Indonesia). Indonesia has resources such as rivers to achieve clean water; however, the flow of rivers has fallen sharply because of climate change.

Indonesia is a USAID priority country for WASH assistance and has made progress in gaining access to improved water and sanitation facilities. Currently, many community partners and agencies are working with the Government of Indonesia to continue clean water and sanitation access throughout Indonesia.


References

Indonesia. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.globalwaters.org/wherewework/asia/indonesia

USAID Indonesia Country Plan. (2017, September). Retrieved from https://www.globalwaters.org/sites/default/files/indonesia_country_plan.pdf

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